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Invasive fungal infections in children with cancer and severe aplastic anemia in nine hospitals from PINDA Network, Chile. 2016-2020
Published 2023-08-17
How to Cite
Copyright (c) 2023 Valentina Gutiérrez Muñoz, Verónica Contardo Pérez, Verónica De la Maza León, Ximena Claverie Ramos, Carmen Salgado Muñoz, Marcela Zubieta Acuña, Beatriz Silva Vargas, Juan Pablo Torres Torreti, Claudia Greppi Quezada, Marcela Venegas Fernandez, Daniela Martinez Rozas, Ana María Alvarez Palma, Yenis Labraña Cornejo, Paulina Diaz Romero, Karen Ducasse Crespo, Tamara Inostroza Cancino, Marcela Cordova Aguilera, María Elena Santolaya De Pablo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Abstract
Background: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric oncology patients and severe aplastic anemia (SAA). Aim: To describe the epidemiology of IFI from 2016 to 2020 in children with cancer and SAA to assess the indication of antifungal prophylaxis. Methods: Multicenter, retrospective study of IFIs in pediatric oncology patients and SAA. Probable and proven IFIs were included. Results: Over the 5-year period, 57 IFIs were found, median age 9 years, 70% were proven and 30% were probable. Yeast infections were 42% and mold infections 56%. The most frequent infection sites were lung 38%, blood 36% and rhinosinusal 21%. The total IFI frequency was 5.4%, 21% in SAA, 10% in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 6.9% in relapsed AML, 5.4% in relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 3.8% in ALL. Mold infections were predominant in AML, relapsed AML, and SAA. IFIs mortality was 11%. Conclusion: Frequency of IFI was consistent with the literature. We strongly recommend antifungal prophylaxis against mold infections in patients with SAA, AML, and relapsed AML. Would consider in high risk ALL relapse in induction chemotherapy.