Recommendations for proper blood culture collection in pediatrics for the recovery of different Candida species

Abstract

A bloodstream infection caused by Candida spp. is the leading cause of invasive fungal infection (IFI) and is associated with high morbidity, mortality, and hospital costs. Blood cultures are the first-line diagnostic test; however, their effectiveness depends on the volume of blood collected. In pediatrics, it is advisable to adjust this volume according to the patient's weight. Although there are specific culture media for fungi, the evidence indicates that aerobic vials perform comparably in the detection of Candida and show no significant differences in the time to a positive result. Candida species grow within 5 days; hence, there is no need to extend the incubation period. Taken together, these findings highlight the importance of optimizing sample volume and the proper use of blood culture vials for the accurate diagnosis of candidemia in children.